Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are linked to health issues like obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and some cancers. In India, obesity rates have risen sharply, partly due to increased consumption of UPFs. In 2022, about 70 million adults and 12.5 million young people were obese. Research shows that from 2005 to 2020, obesity rates in urban Indian men and women rose to about 30% and 33%, respectively, and around 19% in rural areas.
Francis Gabriel Godad from GlobalData highlights that UPFs are contributing to more chronic diseases in India, and there is an urgent need for policies to promote healthier eating. People should eat more fresh and minimally processed foods to protect their health.
UPFs are often high in unhealthy ingredients like trans fats, which the WHO warns can increase the risk of heart disease and death. These foods are also high in added sugars and salt but lack essential nutrients.
India’s UPF market is growing, influenced by factors like urbanization and the popularity of convenient food options. The demand for plant-based meat substitutes is also rising, partly driven by ethical consumerism.
India currently lacks a system to classify foods based on processing levels, making it hard to manage UPF consumption. Experts suggest that the Indian government should consider taxing UPFs and regulating their availability in schools. Food companies should also work on better labeling these products to inform consumers.